Peculiarities of frontal cortex and brain neurometabolism activation in 7-10-year-old children with ADHD

Introduction. The article presents the results of investigating the activation and cerebral energy metabolism in children with attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity. The purpose of this article is to study peculiarities of activation of the frontal cortex and neurometabolism of the brain in children with ADHD. Materials and Methods. 104 schoolchildren from Krasnoyarsk were examined, including 64 children with ADHD and 40 children with normal development. The authors used an omega tester in order to study the activation levels of the brain systems. The energy state of the brain was studied by means of computer-hardware NEC-5. Results The article presents a brief review of modern studies of the formation mechanisms of attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity. The main results of the research indicate the specific features of the activation and cerebral energy metabolism in children with ADHD. Children with cerebral dysfunction are characterized by increased level and asymmetrical activation of the frontal cortex, which may indicate underdevelopment of cortical-subcortical and limbic-reticular mechanisms of the brain. The aggregate indicators of the level of permanent potential of the brain in children with ADHD are significantly higher than those of children with normal development. The greatest increase in SCP was detected in the frontal part of the brain which causes the violation of the functional systems providing arbitrary regulation. Children with ADHD demonstrated a marked violation of the principle of spherical distribution of energy consumption: the shift to SCP in the frontal and right temporal lobe of the brain. There was a significant correlation between neurometabolism of the cerebral cortex and the activation level, due to the violation of the functional activity of nonspecific reticulo-limbic-cortical neural connections. Conclusions. The authors conclude that the state of the activating mechanisms and neurometabolic reactions are important factors affecting the formation mechanisms of ADHD.