Features of the level and dynamics of early social orphanhood as a medical and social phenomenon in various administrative-territorial formations of the Chelyabinsk region

The aim is study the features of the level and dynamics of early social orphanhood as a medical and social phenomenon in various administrative and territorial entities of the Chelyabinsk region. Material and Methods. The method of copying data from the accounting documentation of the maternity hospital was applied (Form No. 32 "Information on medical care for pregnant women, puerperals and parturient women" for 2009-2017, Form No. 96 "Birth history"). A total of 1438 observation units were investigated. Results. During the period from 2009 to 2017 in the Chelyabinsk region there is almost two-fold reduction in the number of early social orphans: from 175 to 84 newborns. The highest prevalence of newborns abandonment was in urban districts:4.5±0.9 cases per 1000 newborns. Among women from rural areas and from megalopolis those indices did not differ significantly: 3.5±0.2 and 3.3±0.4 cases per 1000 newborns respectively (p>0.05). Conclusion. In the Chelyabinsk region the number of early social orphan hood decreased by almost half by the period of 2009-2017. The number of these children in megalopolis, urban and rural districts was subjected to serious fluctuations in the particular years of the study. Considering the differences in the level of birth rate and female population of reproductive age in urban and rural areas it is necessary to use index "prevalence of newborns abandonment per 1000 newborns" proposed by us. After a sharp decrease in absolute and relative values reflecting the number of early social orphans at the turn of 2013-2014, the indicators stabilized in subsequent years. This may be a consequence of both the reduction of preventive measures and the formation in the population of mothers of refusers of a certain contingent, which is insensitive to traditional methods of socio-psychological impact.