From magnetometry to virtual archaeological reconstruction: GIS-interpretation of the Chicha-1 settlement

The paper presents results of 3D virtual modeling of the Chiha-1 settlement, which by using GIS technologies. The model is based on the topographic data obtained by instrumental geodetic survey and on the map of magnetic anomalies measured within the settlement area. The values of the modern elevations were processed by GIS methods to be juxtaposed on the magnetic map and to produce a virtual model of the settlement. The model helped us to recognize more clearly house holes surrounded by ground dumps, and fortification walls and trenches. Such a modified topographic model was used to compile settlement perspective images. Those images allowed us to observe the settlement structure in details by changing the viewport azimuth, elevation, angle and distance, therefore choosing more informative perspectives. We have succeeded to obtain principally new information about the ancient topography of the settlement for a time period when it was left by the inhabitants and destroyed. Of special importance is that the model made possible to identify not only negative topographic elements such as house holes and fortification trenches, but positive topographic elements, ground dumps, as well. Such a virtual reconstruction can serve a basis for further architectural modeling of the Chiha-1 settlement.