The reflection of the solar radiation range in ecosystems on the materials of remote sensing of the earth

On the basis of the graphic-analytical and statistical analysis of a range of the reflected solar radiation on multispectral pictures of spacecrafts the way of soil and agrochemical inspection of agricultural lands in plain regions without the creation of a relief digital model is improved. The method is based on the differentiated study of influence of shooting ranges by the complicated cluster analysis of light reflection of ecosystems. The possibility of a variation by color channels in RGB system for the separate accounting of absorption of solar radiation by a soil and vegetable cover is taken into account. Light reflection of agrocoenosis in the period of a soil resting and the subsequent cultivation of spring-sown soft wheat while its blossoming on the fallow lands was studied according to space pictures of high resolution (5 m per pixel) made by the RapidEye spacecraft (Germany). The research was conducted in the forest-steppe zone of the Ishim-Irtysh interstream area of Western Siberia in 2011-2014. To detect the specific features of areas of soil differences and vegetable life units within the studied land massif the automated clustering in size of the coefficient of spectral brightness (CSB) of its elements of classes depending on complexity of structure of an ecosystem is carried out according to 6-12 classes. Thus the statistical analysis of trends of spectral curve dependence of reflection of visible and infrared part of a solar radiation range on shooting range is possible. While synthesizing the pictures received in the different ranges of frequencies the priority of near infrared range of a range of solar radiation reflection (0.845-0.885 microns) which brings more part of energy in comparison with short-wave visible part of a range is offered. In the article the offer to count absorption size ecosystems of solar radiation by the comparison of the greatest possible size of radiation arriving on Earth surface to its reflection by this or that ecosystems or its components is proved for the first time. Each component absorbs selectively the part of solar energy for biomass formation or for accumulation of humus and other soil processes. Information of space pictures about soil cover condition differs from the aerial photographs which are the basis for a traditional technique of soil mapping. The later isn’t determined by an open field surface which absorbs more than 90% of the coming radiation, but according to the spectral analysis of the reflected part of an agrocoenosis of field cultures prevailing in the region, or biogeocenosis of typical natural ecosystems.