Parametric dependences of the working organ of a heavy cultivator with bionic shaping

Tillage is one of the main processes of cultivation of various crops, the quality of which affects the yield, contributes to increasing soil fertility. One of the directions of modern scientific and technological progress in the field of agricultural engineering is to increase the efficiency of the functioning of tillage machines. The creation of new machines is impossible without improving a theoretical base: mathematical models that take into account design and operating parameters of tillage machines and strength (physical and mechanical) properties of the soil. This paper presents the developed method of engineering calculation of the working body of a heavy cultivator with bionic shaping. This technique consists of eight stages. There have been given formulae for calculating the angle of solution of the working body, taking into account its external friction with soil, crumbling angle, speed of the cultivator, length, width, height of the profile projection and speed of its working body, characteristic size of the edge and value of traction resistance - one of the main parameters of the cultivator, affecting the overall the energy intensity of the cultivation process. Based on the proposed methodology, there have been made calculations and numerical values of the parameters and operating modes of the cultivator were obtained. The calculation is made for shallow tillage, in which the cultivation depth being equal to 6-16 cm. To do this, the angle of the solution should be 75-110 degrees, the minimum crumbling angle is 15 degrees, the speed of the cultivator is up to 14 km/h, length, width and height 30×45×6 accordingly, the characteristic edge size is up to 25 mm. With such parameters and modes, the maximum traction resistance accounts to 3,7 kN. The developed technique can be used to improve existing and develop new machines for tillage.