Pathogenetic assessment of external respiratory function disturbance and its interrelation with BDNF gene polymorphism in military servicemen in extreme conditions of the Arctic zone

Relevance. To date, the etiopathogenesis of polar hypoxia and its relationship with polymorphismes genes have not been fully studied. The aim of the study is to study the pathogenesis of ventilation disorders and polar hypoxia and their relationship with gene polymorphisms in military personnel serving in the Arctic zone. Materials and methods. 98 servicemen from the Arctic climate zone (above 70° N 30-90° E) and 94 people from the temperate climate zone (50° N 30-90° E) were examined. into three groups: 1st group - 8 (8 %) military personnel, length of service up to 5 years, 2nd group - 21 (21 %) people - experience from 5 to 10 years, 3rd group - 70 (71 %) persons over 10 years. The average annual indicators of atmospheric pressure and air temperature in climatic zones were calculated on the basis of open archival data obtained from LLC Weather Schedule rp5.ru. Blood saturation was measured on a Berry BM1000B pulse oximeter, Tiffno index and FEV1 on a USPTs-01 spirometer; gene polymorphism by PCR on a DT-Prime amplifier. Results. Military personnel in the Arctic zone showed a decrease in blood saturation by 1.1 %, a decrease in the level of FEV1 and the Tiffno index by 13.9 % and 7.2 %, respectively, compared with persons from the temperate climate zone (p<0.01). The Tiffno index was reduced in military personnel with the A/A genotype of the BDNF gene (rs6265) (p<0.01). Conclusion. In the Arctic zone (above 70° N 30-90° E) military personnel have an obstructive type of ventilation disorders and hypoxemia with inertia of long-term protective and adaptive reactions to hypoxia and cold. Servicemen with the A/A genotype of the BDNF gene (rs6265) are less adapted to the conditions of polar hypoxia and cold in the Arctic climate zone.