Advanced therapeutic approaches to cognitive disorders (the role of probiotics in complex treatment): a literature review

The article provides an overview of modern scientific domestic and foreign publications devoted to the possibilities of using probiotics in the therapy and prevention of age-specific cerebral pathology. The high prevalence of predementia cognitive disorders in the contingent of older age groups, the significant risk of their transformation into dementia, and the limited protective capabilities of classical therapeutic regimens in aggregate determine the need to search for modern assistance strategies aimed at reducing the rate of aging of the central nervous system and preventing the formation of its pathological forms. The pathogenetic multifactorial nature of the problem of patё hological aging of the central nervous system, modern knowledge about the significant contribution of neuroinflammation mechanisms to it, the dysfunctionality of the microbiota - intestine - brain axis, the potential possibility of correcting the composition of the microbiota by introducing probiotics - all this allows us to consider probiotic preparations as promising. a therapeutic resource for the prevention of cerebral pathology. Objective: to identify the possibilities of using probiotics in the prevention and treatment of diseases of the central nervous system. Research materials: scientific publications devoted to highlighting the role of probiotics in the complex treatment of cognitive disorders. A general scientific method was applied: analysis of modern scientific domestic and foreign literature on the research problem, generalization, comparison, systematization of theoretical data on the experience of use, assessment of the effectiveness of probiotic drugs in the treatment of cognitive disorders and the manifestation of their protective, CNS-oriented action. The presented analysis of the theoretical prerequisites for the use of probiotics in mental disorders, the mechanisms of the protective effect of probiotics on the brain, the therapeutic effectiveness of the use of probiotics indicates the normalizing role of probiotics on the host microbiome, and a decrease in neuroinflammation during aging of the central nervous system. The tasks and prospects of future studies of the use of probiotics in patients with cognitive disorders have been identified.