Soil and vegetable cover of marshes and marshy depressions in the area of thermal fields influence in Barguzin rift

In the northern part of Barguzin Basin, marshes and marshy depressions are formed within the thermal discharge field of Kuchiger thermal springs. They have a complex spatial organization and various configurations of micro-elevations in the form of paps, embankmens and knolls. The main factor in formation of the microrelief is the extrusion of mineral substance from the lower layers of soils and underlying soils. In this regard, the soil and vegetation cover of wetlands has significant differences from the “classical” ones. Native species include wetland, meadow, halophytic and halotolerant plants. The surface layers have an organic, organo-mineral or mineral composition. The organic composition of the upper part of the soils is characteristic of reed and sedgy marshy meadows. In places where the pulp breaks through the soil layers, reaching the daylight surface, the upper horizons have a mineral composition. Their formation is associated with ascending hydrothermal and gas-fluid pressure from seismically active deep faults. Halophytic Artemisia anethifolia and Halerpestess alguinosa cenosis grow on mineral microelevations.