Polymorphism of pollen of Pinus sylvestris L. and Larix sibirica Ledeb. in Murmansk city

The article presents data of palynological research of Pinus sylvestris and Larix sibirica in Murmansk city. Pollen was studied by acetocarmine method. During palynological analysis ofP. sylvestris 11 morphological anomalies of pollen grains development were determined: reduced, without contents, without pollen sacs, with reduced pollen sacs, with one pollen sac, with two various sacs, giant with three sacs, dwarf with outgrowths on exine, with damage of exine, giant and dwarf pollen grains. The part of teratomorphen pollen is 15,6 % in the control samples; it varied from 54,2 up 70,6 % on the test areas in the city. Pollens without content held the highest percentage (10,8-28 %) and these with reduced content (9-18,6 %). Five morphological anomalies of development were identified in tested samples of pollen of L. sibirica: with reduced content, without content, with damage of exine, giant and dwarf. In Murmansk the part of teratomorphen pollen grains varied from 76 to 80,7 %, that is 2,5-3 times above the control values. The most part of anomalous grains was represented by pollen with reduced content (57,6-63,7 %) and without content (11,4-18,2 %). Giant, dwarf and pollen grains with damage of exine occurred rarely. According to palynological scale of ecological zoning proposed by N.A. Kalashnik [12], the territory of Murmansk city is critically polluted.