Semiconductor and microprocessor technology in relay protection

The Semiconductor element base was a transition from Electromechanical devices to microprocessor systems and was widely used with the development of integrated microelectronics. Integrated circuits are products that perform certain functions of conversion and signal processing, and depending on the functional purpose, divided into analog and digital. Analog chips are designed to process continuous signals that change over time according to different laws. On their basis, relay protection devices use integrating and differential amplifiers, zero-organs, Comparators, current-to-voltage converters and back, active frequency filters. Digital chips are used to perform mainly logical operations.