The potential of nanotechnology: issues of heat supply and heating of buildings

The article explores the possibility of using nanotechnology to improve the efficiency of centralized and autonomous heating systems on the way to a new technological model. A logical sequence of the development of heat supply and heating is given, conservative equipment and technologies that are used to supply thermal energy to consumers is marked. In the context of the urgent tasks of heat supply and heating of buildings, the concepts of the use of nanotechnologies that meet the goals of maximum heat transfer intensification are considered. Heat conduction analysis, concentration, size, mass and velocity of nanoparticles assesses are the basis for assessing the possibility to use nanofluids as a coolant for improving heat exchangers and to reduce heat losses in heating systems to maximize efficiency of their work. It is shown that the use of nanostructures affects the saving of coolant flow as the main task of the qualitative and quantitative regulation of the heat supply system. Attention is focused on the application of nano-structured materials in low-temperature fuel cells used decentralized heating systems for heating houses.