Increasing the productivity of second wheat after fallow in the forest-steppe of Western Siberia

In the forest-steppe agrolandscape of Western Siberia within the framework of long-term experience (starting in 1972) the effective impact of tillage agrotechniques and intensification means on the elements of soil fertility, phytosanitary condition of the agrophytocoenosis, productivity and quality of wheat as the second crop after fallow. The alternation of dump and shallow flat-cut tillage (combined tillage) increases the coefficient of topsoil structurality. In combination with the complex application of intensification means, the aggregate composition of the soil improves, deflation and water consumption per unit of production decreases and the biological activity of the soil increases by up to 27%. When reducing the intensity of tillage of the upper layer, an increase can be observed in the weed component of agrophytocoenosis, both in number (170 pcs./m2) and in biomass (398 g/m2) with the dominance of bluegrass-type weeds in the soil. A strong negative correlation was established between the grain yield of wheat as the second culture after fallow and the contamination of agrophytocoenosis (r = 0.74-0.98). The complex application of intensification means increases the crop resistance to stress abiotic factors while reducing the yield variation over a 14-year period from 30.4 to 18.6-19.7% or by 1.4-1.6 times, with the advantage of resource-saving combined tillage amounting to 3.39 t/ha.