Orthodoxy in the Polish-Lithuanian commonwealth and the Ottoman empire (end of the 16th - first third of the 17th century)

As a result of the Catholic Council of Brest in 1596, which was confirmed by the King of Poland, the Orthodox Church lost its status of “tolerated” confession next to the “predominant” confession of Roman Catholicism and became one of the “non-tolerated” confessions. The Greek Church, which was then under the domination of the Ottoman Sultans, came to the forefront as the external source of canonical and political protection for the religious rights of clergy and laity of the Kiev Metropolis. In this article, the author analyzes and compares the extent to which secular authorities in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Ottoman Empire tolerated the Orthodox Church at the end of the 16th century through the first third of the 17th century.