Preconditions and sources of the organization of stationary academic institutions in the European north of Russia (XVIII - XX centuries)

The paper deals with the expeditions of scientists of the Academy of Sciences to the European North which have laid the foundation for a comprehensive study of the region, and aroused interest of public organizations that have made significant contribution to studying and description of mineral wealth of the North. It is shown that industrial development of territories began only after returning of the Academy of Sciences to the region.