Business and non-entrepreneurial organization: questions of terminology and classification

Establishing a clear classification system of legal entities is an important step in finding the optimal way with the upcoming reform of the Institute of juridical person in civil law in Russia. According to the author, the decades-long debate about the types and structures of juridical person must find their resolution in the near future. It is noted that at present the RF CC stipulates the division of legal entities, based on the ratio of: 1) rights of the founders (participants, members) and the legal entity of the property of the latter (p. 2, 3 article 48 CC RF); 2) an object of extraction of profit with other objectives of activity of legal entities, as well as allow or prevent of distribution of profits among the organization members (art. 50 CC of the RF).In the second case, the legislator, while making the distinction of legal entities, uses such terms as «commercial organizations» and «non-commercial organizations». The author consistently criticizes the existing approach to the classification of legal persons. Changes to the Civil code of the Russian Federation significantly alter the content of certain legal institutions. With respect to the system of legal entities the new classification are entered, the levels of legal regulation are changed. However, some debatable questions did not find their solution in the project of amendments to the Civil code. In particular, despite all the criticism, many of the contradictions in the division organizations for commercial and non-commercial legal entities are not eliminated. Logical volume of this data terms does not correspond and agree with the nature of the activities being undertaken. Creatively developing the views of famous Russian scientists (L.V. Andreeva, V. S. Belykh, A.G. Bykov, E.P. Gubin, M. A. Egorova, M.N. Ilyushina, B.I. Puginsky, O.A. Serova, V.E. Chirkin), the author proves the need to use the concepts of entrepreneurial and non-entrepreneurial organization as integrated, intersectoral categories, based on the achievements of science business law. In this connection it is suggested to distinguish between the notion of a legal entity in the narrow sense (taking into account the civilistic approach), and in the broader- as intersectoral category. It is this understanding is supported by science of business law and corresponds to the specifics of the relations regulated by law.