Transformations of liver's venous bed in human embryos

Rapid growing liver of human embryo “breaks” system of primary venous magistrals and “puts” network of hepatic sinusoids in it with formation of system of new venous magistrals. Liver induces such cardinal transformations of venous bed together with surrounding organs, at first - with suprarenal glands and kidneys (development of inferior vena cava), with stomach, duodenum and pancreas (development of hepatic portal vein). Caudate lobe of liver plays key role in the morphogenesis of ending segments of inferior vena cava and hepatic portal vein. Hepatic sinusoids unite into short collector on dorsal surface of the caudate lobe - dorsal diverticulum of right omphal-umbilical trunk (primitive vena cava). Later it is supplemented by right supracardinal vein of suprarenal gland. The caudate lobe “fixes” superior anastomose of umbilical veins and “helps” stomach to reduce left omphal vein under liver with bud of primitive portal vein.