Energy saving techniques in spring wheat cultivation by two preceders on leached chernozem

The purpose of research: to study the effect of no-tillage with long-term use on the yield of spring wheat cultivated according to two predecessors in the conditions of the Minderlinskoye educational farm of the Sukhobuzimo District. Research objectives: to evaluate the effect of moldboard plowing and direct sowing on the yield of spring wheat cultivated according to two predecessors; to give an economic assessment of the efficiency of spring wheat cultivation using two technologies. The studies were carried out in 2017-2021 in crop rotation with the following crop rotation: green manure fallow - spring wheat - barley - corn - spring wheat - green manure fallow - spring wheat. Yield accounting was carried out according to the method of state variety testing of agricultural crops. Mathematical processing of research results - according to the method of dispersion analysis. The soil cover is represented by leached chernozem, which is characterized in a layer of 0-20 cm high and very high humus content (6.1-11.1 %). In the arable layer of leached chernozem, an increased content of phosphorus (200-250 meq/100 g of soil) and a very high exchangeable potassium - more than 150.1 mg/kg K2 were noted. The yield of spring wheat in the first two years with direct sowing in the stubble on green manure fallow was at the level of 20.1-20.9 c/ha, which is higher than the productivity of the crop sown on corn. In the third, fourth and fifth years, on the contrary, the yield of spring wheat cultivated on corn stubble was higher than green manure fallow: in 2019 and 2020. by 4.8-5.7 q/ha, or 19.8-23.9 %, in 2021 by 13.8 q/ha, or 67.6 %.