Application of autonomous power supply systems on renewable energy sources to reduce agricultural machinery emergencies in agricultural regions of Russia

The paper considers the issues of power supply of railway crossings remote from centralized networks using renewable energy sources. An analysis of the current state of intersections of roads and railways in the agricultural territories of southern Russia is presented. The task was set to develop an autonomous power supply system for such intersections, the implementation of which can reduce the accident rate in transport. This task is achieved by using signaling and blocking power supply systems using various renewable energy converters and is a hybrid system. An analysis is given of the use of solar and wind power plants with the accumulation of electricity with its further transformation into the required parameters, and a methodology for determining the energy potential of renewable energy sources in a given region is presented. A hybrid autonomous power supply system with a solar power plant, a wind turbine and a gas generator is proposed, which guarantees stable operation of fencing, lighting and signaling equipment. An energy flow diagram is shown showing two output voltages 24 VDC and 220 VAC. The 28 V DC output voltage generator is a backup power source and is well combined with the operating voltage of the process equipment. The inverter with an output voltage of 220 V is designed to connect electrical equipment during repair work and can be connected to batteries during such work. An equation for the energy balance of an energy system is given, taking into account the battery life of 8 hours. The results of experimental studies of the manufactured power supply system are carried out and energy characteristics are presented: the average daily electricity generation is 3,5 kWh per day, and the average monthly share of generation by renewable energy sources is 65 ÷ 70%. The proposed power supply system for signaling and blocking, installed at unorganized railway crossings, will reduce the accident rate, and therefore save many human lives.