Practice of using ion-plasmous methods for cleaning and application of sheetings on archaeological objects which are made from copper alloys

Purpose : Archaeological materials from sites of the Late Middle Ages and Modern Period contain representative collections of subjects of religious copper molding and other products made from copper alloys which can be considered as a mass material. But often it can't be introduced into scientific circulation because of strongly corrosion of external layer which can hide inscriptions, decorative elements, plots and details. Modern chemical and mechanical ways of clarification of archaeological metal are laborious and expensive and preservation demands special conditions for storage. Traditional methods of stabilization of the active corrosion which are traditionally using may be cause of partial impairment of a surface of a subject. Using of techniques of sparing preservation demands special conditions of storages which aren’t always possible for regional and, especially, collegiate museums. Today in domestic and world restoration practice, in general, is popular using of chemical, chemically-mechanical and electrolytic purification of metal. However, these techniques are interim and stop corrosion processes only in special conditions. Results : We suppose that preliminary cleaning of a surface of archaeological material from copper alloys can be done by using physical and chemical methods which are strengthened by using of cavitational effects. Conclusive cleaning of a surface of archaeological metal is supposed to use ionic bombing with low energy intensity in the vacuum camera. Conservation is supposed to be make by the way of application of ultrathin nanometric sheetings in a unified vacuum cycle which includes process of last cleaning Results of the previous works show that the samples subjected to various ways of chemical cleaning with using of cavitational effects, were purged from products of corrosion, fatty imprints and other marks on a surface. Changes of a chemical composition of clearing means and modes of ultrasonic influence, we have achieved high extent of cleaning of a surface at preservation of all its morphological details. However, as showed our researches, such method can't be used at objects which were strongly attacked by corrosion. In these cases is possible its destruction during the preliminary stage of preparation of surface. Conclusion : The most optimum way is using of the methods of clearing of surfaces which we have offered to use for different collections of crosses (for example, crosses which were received as a result of research of funeral complexes or city layers). Unique crosses (especially with inserts from enamels and incrustations) is expedient to restore and preserve with using of traditional methods. This way is rational because during of ionic bombing of the sample its temperature is increasing, so enamel can be irrevocably lost.