The use of organic fertilizers in solving problems of ecologization and food security of the country

The article is devoted to the generalization of the results of scientific research done by both Russian and foreign scientists concerning the study of the influence of organic fertilizers on various agricultural crops in different natural and climatic zones of Russia. One of the main conditions for achieving ecological, energy, food and climatic security of agricultural production is its ecologization. To fulfill the tasks set to ensure the country's food security and human health, a transition to resource-saving technologies is required that contribute to the reproduction of soil fertility, as well as increase the stability of agrocoenoses. The economic crisis in the agricultural sector is currently exacerbated by the environmental crisis. It, in turn, is expressed by the destruction of the soil cover, a decrease in soil fertility, etc. Balanced application of fertilizers, which ensures an increase in the consumption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by crops, reduces the degree of negative influence of unfavorable weather factors. Limiting factors influence the assimilation of mineral nutrition elements by a culture. Soil fertility is constantly changing under the influence of plants, tillage systems and fertilization systems. The limiting factor that determines the intensity of the transformation of organic matter is of priority importance in improving soil fertility. Various forms of ownership, a sharp decrease in the use of organic and mineral fertilizers, a decrease in the level of productivity of arable land and agricultural land makes it necessary to strengthen the mechanisms of self-regulation in the agrolandscape. A prerequisite is the maximum adaptation of crops with the use of optimized cultivation technologies, as well as rational fertilization systems, subject to the indispensable monitoring of soil fertility indicators. Scientists show great interest in studying this issue, which requires comprehensive study.