Using led lamps in simulators of the Russian segment modules of the International Space Station

The paper provides an overview of the evolution of technologies for generating white light from LEDs that are to be used in lighting fixtures. It outlines the problems involved in generating white “natural” light. It presents the LED semiconductor device as a lighting element and provides a description of this device and the lamps that are built around it for use in training simulators representing manned spacecraft. It provides an analysis of the lamps used in the interior lighting system for the training simulators of the Russian Segment modules of the International Space Station. It cites advantages and drawbacks of the earlier luminescent lamps and the currently used LED light sources. Considered as an example is a LED lamp SSD305 for general lighting of training simulator of the Mini Research Module Poisk. The paper highlights specific aspects of the development of the interior lighting system for manned spacecraft. It presents the variable LED lamp SSD311 and an advanced system for lamp control with variable luminance and spectrum for simulating the natural lighting in order to study its positive effects on human beings and for further application in various enclosed spaces and confined volumes.