Natural climatic and economic factors of increasing grain crops productivity in the Orel region

One of the target indicators defined in the long-term strategy of the grain complex development in the Russian Federation till 2025 is an increase in grain crops output, raise its level up to 130 million tons a year and accumulation of grain export potential and its processing products. The trend stated by the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation to increase gross collection and marketability of grain creates prerequisites for searching reserves to increase grain crops productivity and expand the areas for these crops, and, on this basis, to develop scientifically based approach and practical recommendations how to increase the efficiency of the production, infrastructure and logistic potential usage of a domestic grain production subcomplex. In the presented material the attention is focused on the problem of increase in the production of grain legumes and grain varieties in the regions where the production of grain is over one ton of grain per capita. By means of general scientific, economical and statistical research methods the analysis of grain production in the Orel region is carried out, the degree and reliability of the influence of climatic and economic factors on the grain crops gain productivity is defined, the tendency of grain production development is established, the stability and variability indicators of levels are estimated, the Spearman's rank correlation coefficient is calculated. According to the authors' conclusion it is necessary to study the influence of solar activity on different types of grain crops and areas with unequal agroclimatic conditions along with such factors as state and quality of soil, weather and climatic conditions. The theoretical and practical importance of the results is that they can form base for further development in the methodology of stochastic factorial analysis to define the degree and reliability of the influence of the climatic and economic factors on the formation of grain crops productivity.