The traits determining plant lodging and assessment of lodging resistance in intensive and extensive Russian rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties

Lodging is one of the main causes of rice crop loss due to adverse effects on photosynthesis and plant productivity. Plant bend hinders illumination and makes it difficult for the plastic substances to flow out of the stem and leaves to the panicle. This worsens grain filling, technological and sowing qualities. Lodging restricts potential productivity of rice varieties. The resistance of a variety to lodging depends on its genotype, the strength of the stem tissues, and the growing conditions. Insufficient stability of rice plant stems occurs when the crops are thickened or subjected to high nitrogen supply, deep water in the rice field, increasing dynamic loads due to sprouting, wind, rain, dew and diseases. The objective of this study was to determine morphophysiological traits causing resistance to lodging of rice ( Oryza sativa L.) intensive and extensive varieties with a focus on th use of laboratory method for express estimates of lodging resistance. The studied Russian rice varieties were Rapan, Vizit, Gamma of intensive type and Sonata and Atlant of extensive type...