Problem of good and evil in N. A. Berdyaev's moral philosophy

The article is devoted to the study and analysis of N. A. Berdyaev's ethical concept - doctrine of the essence and nature of good and evil, the origin of evil and ways to combat it. It is emphasized that the problem of theodicy lies at the core of Berdyaev's doctrine of good and evil. We analyzed the correlation of the categories of good, evil and freedom in Berdyaev's moral philosophy. It is noted that Berdyaev's doctrine of good and evil is original in comparison with classical concepts of ethics. The Russian philosopher questioned the idea of the unconditionedness and absolute value of good by showing good as “necessarily determined to evil”, respectively, as the principle to which morality is called to counteract he denoted not only evil, but also good, and the human was presented as a creature, guilty not only of evil, but also of good. Berdyaev considered the problem of the true content of good and evil as one of the fundamental for understanding human existence, which is revealed in its authenticity “beyond the good and evil” as freedom, creativity and love. Combating evil should not come so much from suppressing it as from the creative realization of good and the transformation of evil into good.