The functions of green roofs in the process of ecological transformation of the urban landscape

In the context of increasing urbanization and climate challenges, green roofs are becoming an effective tool for the ecological transformation of the urban environment. This article examines the theoretical and practical aspects of the functioning of green roofs, including their role in microclimate regulation, air purification, stormwater management, and biodiversity conservation. Based on an interdisciplinary methodology that includes systems and ecological analysis, GIS technologies, and comparative evaluation, the ecological effectiveness of green roofs is investigated. Empirical data obtained from the example of Moscow confirm the ability of green roofs to reduce surface temperatures, filter atmospheric precipitation, and support ecological resilience. The study concludes that regulatory support and the integration of green roofs into urban sustainable development strategies are necessary.