Productive longevity of animals, methods of its prediction and extension

Lengthening the terms of the productive use of animals is the most important problem in the cultivation of dairy and dairy and beef cattle, pig breeding and other branches of animal husbandry. The aim of this work was to review the influence of various genotypic and paratypic factors on life expectancy, productive longevity of farm animals, as well as analysis of studies to find modern ways of predicting and prolonging them. It was shown that with an increase in milk yield for lactation from 2500-3000 kg to 10000 kg of milk, the duration of productive use of cows decreases from 7-9 to 2-3 lactations, which increases the cost of milk production (I.I. Klimenok et al., 2001; J.R. Wright et al., 2016 et al.). An increase in milk productivity is accompanied by a decrease in reproductive function: the service period is prolonged, animal fertility decreases due to stress resulting from activation of the lactational dominant (A.I. Abilov et al., 2013; Y.S. Schuermann et al., 2016, etc...