Productivity and nitrogen-fixing ability of eastern galega during pre-sowing seed treatment with different strains of nodule bacteria in the subtaiga zone of Western Siberia

Against the background of biologization of agriculture, special attention is paid to legumes, which are able to create biological nitrogen due to their symbiotic apparatus. The use of legumes, especially Eastern galega, is important in conditions of non-chernozem soils, when the symbiotic apparatus of plants develops at a slow pace. The most effective way to enhance the process of atmospheric nitrogen fixation performed by legumes together with nodule bacteria is the use of biological preparations. The aim of the research is to identify the most effective biological preparations that contribute to increasing the symbiotic nitrogen fixation and productivity of Eastern galega in the conditions of the subtaiga zone of Western Siberia. The proportion of nitrogen fixed from the atmosphere and used for the formation of the Eastern galega biomass - the coefficient of nitrogen fixation ( Cf ) - was determined by comparing galega with a non-leguminous plant, i.e. hornless brome. It was proved that the inoculation of scarcified seeds of the culture with biological preparations is a mandatory agrotechnical technique that promotes active growth and development of plants in the first and subsequent years of life. Biological preparations contribute to the good formation of dense grass and reduce the content of weeds in it, improve the growth of the root system and increase the photosynthetic activity of Eastern galega. The height of galega before harvesting amounted to 91-92 cm, which exceeded the control sample by 9-10 cm. During the years of use of the herbage, the weed infestation of galega crop decreased from an average degree in the control to a weak one (7.6-7.7%) when using biologic preparations. In the third year of life, the weight of galega roots in the 0-30 cm soil layer was 9.6-9.7 t/ha or exceeded the control by 0.7-0.8 t/ha. The area of leaves when using biologic preparations exceeded the control by 2.8-3.3 thousand m2/ha, while FP and BPF increased, reaching the maximum values of 2.4-2.5 million m2 day/ha and 3.8-3.9 g/m2 day. The fixation of biological nitrogen by galega in gray forest soil amounts to 187-192 kg/ha, the yield of green mass on average amounted to 23.5-24.0 t/ha or increased by 7.3-9.6 percent as compared to control, the Cf is equal to 0.79-0.80%.