Winter wheat productivity in conditions of increasing climate aridity

Global climate changes in Russia and in the world destabilize natural ecosystems. These changes carry serious risks and they are becoming more noticeable every year. In this regard, the sowing terms of winter wheat should not be strictly permanent; they need to be adjusted to specific natural and climatic conditions. Sowing of winter wheat 10-20 days later than the previously set deadlines (2-3 terms) did not reduce field germination in comparison with 1 term. In these options, winter wheat successfully overwintered (the safety was 74-90%, depending on the year). During the fourth sowing period, the safety was 61-75%, and during the fifth and sixth terms - 56.2-64.6%.The height of plants in the 1st and 2nd sowing periods averaged 88.5 cm, whereas in the 3rd and subsequent periods it was 14-21 cm less, depending on the year. Higher productive bushiness, size of the ear, number of grains in the ear, weight of grain from the 1st ear provided the 2nd and 3rd sowing periods in comparison with the first. A higher yield was provided by the second sowing period, in comparison with other options. Sowing at a later date improves the quality of winter wheat grain. Thus, sowing of winter wheat in the 2nd and 3rd terms provided an increase in protein in the grain by 0.5 - 1.5%, gluten by 1.1- 4.6% compared with the control period of the 1st period. Thus, the terms of sowing highly productive varieties of winter wheat cannot be strictly permanent. The productivity of winter wheat of the Alekseich variety increases at later sowing dates in comparison with previously recommended ones. Shifting the timing by 10-20 days increases the duration of the field preparation period for sowing and the ability to use non-paired precursors harvested at a later date. In conditions of climate aridization, winter wheat sowing should be carried out at a later date. Shifting them from the previously recommended time for two weeks ensures an increase in the yield and quality of winter wheat grain.