The productivity of grain-bare fallow-tilled crop rotation on the chernozyom in the Yenisei region of Siberia

Hilly-lowland relief in the insular forest-steppes of the Yenisei region of Siberia led to the formation of mottling of chernozyom. The goal of this re-search was a comparative evaluation of productivity of bare fallow and row-crop level of crop rotation on Chernozyom of forest-steppe complexes of the Yenisei region of Siberia. Field, comparative-analytical, expert and mathematical methods of research were used. Stationary experiment was put on spottiness of the chernozyom leached with ordinary chernozyom. Five rotation of a crop rotation were studied: bare fallow - wheat - wheat (barley) - corn - wheat -oats. Frequency was triple. The particle size distribution of hard clay soils is given below. The maintenance of humus varies was 6.2-7.3 %, phosphorus (V) oxide (according to Chirikov) was 19-26, potassium oxide (according to Maslova) was 21-30 mg / 100 g of the soil. During five rotations of a crop rotation average annual rainfall changed within 256-548 mm at average values for rotation of a crop rotation of 376-423 mm. The sta-bility of the mode of loss of rainfall on average in a year was rather high. During the most responsible periods of vegetation of grain crops in June and July the scope of a variation (on the 10-year pe-riods) was considerable: 64-205 mm, 25-159, 71-193 mm. The productivity of cultures of a steam link of a crop rotation without use of fertilizers made 14.6-24.9, with use of fertilizers it was 16.5- 33.9 c/hectare of grain units. In ploughed link it was respectively 12.8-24.4 and 21.2-36.5 c/hectare. In a bare fallow link of a crop rotation average produc-tivity of wheat without use of fertilizers for 5 rotation of a crop rotation was 2.5 c/hectare of grain units (a z.a.) above, than in a ploughed link. On the fertilized background the efficiency of grain crops in a ploughed link exceeded a steam link on 2.9 c/hectare to a z.a. The profitable size of pay-back of unit of active ingredient of fertilizers was provided by unilateral nitric fertilizer. Phosphoric affect productivity of wheat only in case of their row application. Effect of potash fertilizers was not rec-orded. In the studied mineral system of fertilizers for 5 rotation of a crop rotation it was brought on arable land hectare (in kg of active ingredient): ni-trogen 1300, phosphates 970 and potassium 790. In a year it averaged 109 kg/hectare at N:P:K ratio was equal to 1:0.7:0,6. The variation and statistical analysis allowed taking out judgment about an equilibrium condition of soil’s humus conditions and lack of essential change of indicators of soil fertility in the 30-year experimental period. The level of fertility of chernozyoms and security with rainfall results in introduction of the expediency of crop ploughed rotation in system of agriculture of Priye-niseysk Siberia.