Nation-building projects and models of national integration in Russia

The article identifies five ideal types of nation building and analyzes them in the context of various nation-building projects and models of national integration in modern Russia. The authors conclude that the projects of formation of civic nation and united Russian nation were not implemented. In Russia, a political nation and specific state-civic identity were created and a model of national integration based on the principle of «one nation - many ethnic cultures» is implemented. However, state and civic identity, dominant in Russian society, was not sufficient to overcome the disintegration potential of interethnic and inter-confessional contradictions. In this regard, the necessity for new nation building projects is emerged. The formation of the trans-ethnic nation-civilization and the construction of national and civilizational identity as the basis for consolidation of Russian society may be one them.