Suicide prevention programs (systematic review of Russian-language scientific sources)

The aim of this review is to systematize studies on specific interventions (programs, strategies) for the prevention or correction of suicidal behavior published in Russian-language scientific sources. Methodology. A search was made for Russian-language publications on the topic of suicide prevention in the scientific electronic libraries eLibrary and CyberLeninka using various combinations of the following keywords: program / strategy / method + prophylaxis/prevention/impediment/ determent + suicide/suicidal behavior. Results. 457 sources were identified and processed, of which 17 papers were included in the analysis, describing 15 studies in which there was a detailed description of the contingent, program, criteria and quantitative indicators of effectiveness (before and after the intervention). Among the programs tested, school-based programs for teenagers, using psychocorrective and psychotherapeutic techniques, often combined with educational and outreach approaches aimed at parents and teaching staff, predominate. To assess suicidal tendencies among adolescents, questionnaires of suicidal risk are used, all authors report on the effectiveness of the developed programs, mainly by indirect criteria and without taking into account long-term results. Findings. There is great potential in the development and implementation of suicide prevention strategies, but there is a need to increase the level of research in this area. In particular, it is necessary to use more widely indicators such as the prevalence of suicidal thoughts and attempts, and not just indirect methods for assessing suicidal risk, and be guided by the principles of evidence.