The origin of the conception of deliberative democracy and its deep philosophical meaning

In this article, the author sets himself a goal to determine who the author of the conception of deliberative democracy is and to reveal its deep philosophical meaning. To achieve this goal, the author primarily analyzes the origin of the conception of deliberative democracy. He reveals that although J. Bessett first wrote the term “deliberative democracy”, the basic principles of the conception were laid down by J. Habermas in 1962 in his work “Structural transformations of the public sphere”. Moreover, a comparative analysis of the main provisions of the works of J. Cohen and J. Habermas shows that J. Cohen took over J. Habermas's basic principles of deliberative democracy. Therefore, the author concludes that J. Habermas is the main author of this conception. It concludes that the philosophical basis of deliberative democracy is phenomenology. The purpose is to preserve the life world of people, their different points of view, beliefs, to articulate them through the public sphere of society, in order to then realize them at the national level.