Mental disorders and suicidal behavior: the results of the analysis of medical records

Mental disorders are one of the most studied risk factors for suicidal behavior. The severity of suicidal risk in mental illness varies depending on the diagnosis and demographic characteristics [1], which indicates a direction for further research on the issue at the local level. Objective: to study the nosological structure of admissions to a psychiatric hospital in connection with suicidal behavior and to identify vulnerable groups for the development of preventive measures. Materials and Methods: based on the analysis of archival medical documentation of the Kaluga Regional Psychiatric Hospital named after A.E. Lifshitz for 2017-2018, 435 cases of hospitalizations of patients with suicidal behavior were studied. When forming the sample, the technique of K.A. Otdelnova (1980) was used for the study of increased accuracy (t=2.0; p=0.95) [2]. Statistical data processing was carried out using statistical tables and Microsoft Excel. Results: in terms of frequency of occurrence, diagnostic rubrics were arranged as follows: F20-F29 (37.47%), F00-F09 (17.7%), F10-F19 (12.64%), F90-F98 (8.97%), F70-F79 (8.5%), F30-F39 (7.13%), less than 10% - other headings. It has been proven that rubric F70-F79 and rubric F21 were statistically significantly associated with the risk of hospitalization with suicidal thoughts, code F10.2 - with the risk of a suicidal attempt. Initial admissions were more often observed in the group of patients with suicidal attempts, repeated - in the group of patients with suicidal thoughts. However, from the point of view of the diagnosis, the dependence was statistically significant only in the rubrics F30-F39 and F10-F19; the primary admissions of patients with these psychiatric diagnoses were more often due to suicidal attempts. Conclusions. The discussed research evidence provides an overview of the most common mental disorders associated with suicidal behavior in hospitalized patients. The presented nosological structure of hospitalizations determines the need to develop rehabilitation measures, optimize therapeutic interventions and strengthen social support for patients. Further studies of the clinical and social characteristics of suicides, as well as the mechanisms of suicidal behavior in various mental disorders, are optimal to improve understanding of the model of suicidal behavior of the population of the region using the example of the population of Kaluga, which is part of the Central Federal District.