Mental disorders in the pathology of liver and biliary tract (literature review)

Background. Among liver diseases, a key position belongs to acute and chronic viral hepatites, among which hepatites B and C are currently the most common ones. The lack of appropriate treatment for chronic hepatitis often provokes cirrhosis and, in some cases, liver cancer. Incidence rate of liver and biliary tract diseases tends to grow constantly. Asthenic, anxiety and depressive disorders accompany this somatic pathology. Stress and anxiety can in-crease the perception of pain and discomfort, disrupting socio-psychological functioning. Psychopharmacotherapy of these disorders is especially difficult, since the metabolic functions of the liver are significantly reduced. Objective. To determine the relationship between mental disorders and liver, and biliary tract diseases, to identify the features of the clinical picture, and the possibilities of psychopharmacotherapy. Materials and Methods. The information search was carried out empirically using the Russian Science Citation Index, Web of Science and Scopus databases. Results. Liver and biliary tract diseases (opisthorchiasis) are associated with constant physical ailments that can reduce the quality of life and lead to psychoemotional-stress response, mental nonpsychotic disorders. The possibilities of anti-depressant therapy for patients with metabolic liver diseases are considered. Conclusion. Liver and biliary tract dis-eases are accompanied by psychopathological symptoms characterized by asthenic syndrome, psychovegetative mani-festations, neurotic states, mood and cognitive disorders. Support from mental health professionals, timely adequate pharmacotherapy can significantly improve the quality of life of hese patients.