Ways to increase the efficiency of dyeing cotton fabrics with natural dyes

The article suggests ways to increase the efficiency of dyeing cotton fabrics with natural dyes by increasing the degree of extraction of the coloring substance from natural plant raw materials and facilitating the diffusion of the dye into the structure of cellulose fiber. Experimental studies of the technology of ultrasonic processing of natural plant raw materials have been carried out in order to increase the degree of extraction of the coloring substance from the working solution. The dependences of the optical density of dye solutions on the modes of ultrasonic treatment are determined. It is shown that the generator power is a factor affecting the degree of output of the coloring pigment into the solution, the duration of voicing has little effect on the analyzed parameter. The effectiveness of the preliminary enzyme preparation of cotton fabrics has been proven in order to facilitate the diffusion of the coloring substance into the cellulose fiber and increase the degree of dye selection from the dye solution. A comparative analysis of colored tissue samples obtained with the sound power of natural plant raw materials of 30 W for 20 minutes, in terms of brightness and color saturation, was carried out. The optimal technological modes of ultrasonic processing of plant raw materials have been determined the generator power is no more than 60 watts, the duration of ultrasonic treatment is 20 minutes. A schematic diagram of the preparation and dyeing of cotton fabrics with natural plant dyes for the creation of highly environmentally friendly textile products - ecotextile - is proposed.