Early parastomal complications in patients after urgent ostomy

Introduction. Despite the improvement of surgical techniques and thorough preoperative examination of patients, postoperative complications cannot always be avoided. Postoperative complications worsen the patient's condition, up to a fatal outcome, increase the length of hospital stay, and reduce the quality of care provided. The purpose of the study. To identify risk factors for early postoperative complications in patients with formed intestinal stomas. Materials and methods of research. The retrospective study included 140 patients from April 2022 to July 2023 (14 months) who underwent surgery at the N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute in connection with various disease of the abdominal organs with the formation of a stoma. The patients were divided into two groups (without and with complications). Parastomal complications (excluding peristomal dermatitis) were detected in 13 patients (9,3 %). There were more women than men in both groups. The mean age of patients with parastomal complications was 60,8 ± 14,9 years, in the group without complications – 67,8 ± 14,6. To assess the possibility of comparing groups and the significance of differences in the compared parameters, t-test, χ2 were used. Results. Analyzing the data obtained, the main group of patients with certain early parastomal complications are elderly patients with a high body mass index (BMI) and with more than two comorbid chronic diseases. However, 69,2 % of parastomal complications were related to the technical mistakes during surgery. Conclusion. In order to reduce early postoperative complications, careful preoperative diagnosis, identification and assessment of the comorbid background, as well as improvement of the technique of surgical intervention to reduce intraoperative mistakes are required.