Ice load on sloped structure frozen in ice

Ports, offshore platforms and other structures in areas with arctic conditions require special design. Ice loading is one of the important factors in the design of structures in the Arctic. Ice loads on a structure vary greatly depending on many parameters, including the profile of the structure. To reduce ice loads, many scientists and engineers propose to use an inclined profile of the structure. The inclined profile of the hydraulic structure causes the ice to bend when it creeps onto the slope of the structure, and, consequently, ice breaks at lower pressures on the structure. However, when the ice is not moving, ice can freeze to the structure and thicker ice, called an ice collar, can form around the structure. This leads to an increase in the load on the structure due to additional friction forces and ice adhesion to the structure at the moment the ice begins to move. The paper presents a method for analyzing the effect of freezing of a structure with inclined edges in ice on the loads from the side of ice on the structure. The presented model takes into account the additional thickening of ice at the surface of the structure (ice collar).