Babesiosis of dogs distribution in the Russian Federation (review)

The purpose of the study is to review the prevalence of canine babesiosis in the Russian Federation. The analysis of Russian-language literature on the spread of canine babesiosis was carried out using systematic and comparative-analytical methods of scientific research. The seasonal, age and population boundaries of the manifestation of the epizootic process in canine babesiosis have been established, and a quantitative assessment of the pathogen in urbanized areas has been given. Currently, stationary tick biotopes have formed in many modern cities. Babesiosis in dogs is ubiquitous and is one of the most important problems facing veterinary professionals. According to many authors, this disease accounts for 14 to 18 % of the total number of dogs that received veterinary services. The number of cases of babesiosis is directly correlated with the number of ticks in a given area. There is a dependence of the incidence on sex, age, breed of dogs, as well as the month of the year. The carriers of Babesia canis are mainly adults of ixodid ticks (family Ixodidae) of the genera Dermacentor and Rhipicephalus. Babesiosis, caused by the blood parasite Babesia canis, is one of the most common protozoan diseases in dogs. B. gibsoni and B. vogeli species are also found. Every year, the habitat of ticks increases, and therefore the incidence of animals with babesiosis increases. Infection of dogs with babesiosis is 12 % in the Rostov Region, 28.57 in the south of the Kirov Region, 28.9-29.7 in the Moscow Region, 31.6 in the south of the Tyumen Region, 36.3 in Barnaul, and 36.3 in Pyatigorsk, 15-55, Kirov - 19.7-66.67, in the city of Ryazan and the Ryazan Region - 50-75 %. The peak incidence of this invasion occurs in the spring (late April - early June) and autumn periods (August - October).