Spread of canine helminthiasis in the Russian Federation

The aim of the study is to review the spread of canine helminthiasis in the Russian Federation. The paper discusses the most common zooanthroponoses, such as toxocariasis, dirofilariasis, opisthorchiasis, diphyllobothriasis, dipylidiosis. More than 1.5 million people, primarily children, have over 70 types of helminths every year. The growth in the number of domestic animals and, as a consequence, human irresponsibility, an uncontrolled increase in the number of stray dogs, contribute to the widespread zooanthroponosis. At the same time, the degree of infection of stray dogs in some regions reaches 60 %. One of the helminthiasis most often found in our country is toxocariasis. The incidence of toxocariasis in dogs in different cities averages 40 %, while in rural areas it is twice as high, and in some cases reaches 100 %. Dipylidiosis is most common in large cities with a large number of stray dogs. Infestation occurs throughout the year and is characterized by a high degree of infection: in Barnaul - 50 %, in the Volgograd Region - 30, in the Chuvash Republic - 15 %. The degree of infection of dogs with dirofilariasis according to various estimates accounts from 16 to 32 %. Over the past 20 years, the number of regions of the country where opisthorchiasis is registered has significantly increased. Annually, about 30 thousand cases of opisthorchiasis are detected in people in 27 regions of the country. The territories of the Ob-Irtysh basin are endemic in terms of the incidence of opisthorchiasis - they account for over 65 % of the total number of cases in Russia. Diphyllobothriasis is most often registered in the Republics of Sakha (Yakutia) - about 140 and Khakassia - more than 100; in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District - about 55; in the Krasnoyarsk Region - 40 (cases per 100 thousand population).