Development and investigation of properties of mixed catalysts for vapor-phase hydration of acetylene

In order to develop new catalysts for the synthesis of acetaldehyde by vapor-phase hydration of acetylene, new mono- and bifunctional catalysts based on cadmium, zinc, chromium, and iron compounds on supports were developed and their most important textural characteristics were studied. It was shown that zinc oxide and cadmium fluoride are bifunctional catalysts, in the presence of which acetaldehyde was synthesized with a yield of 69.0 - 70.0%. It has been established that the stability of their operation before regeneration exceeds more than 100 hours, i.e. 1.3 times more than industrial cadmium-calcium phosphate catalyst. The effect of temperature, acetylene:water ratio, space velocity, and catalyst bed height on the yield of target products and the degree of acetylene conversion was studied. It has been established that the ratio of acetylene: water plays an important role in the process of hydration of acetylene.