Development of the Russian banking system in conditions of institutional environment and economic conditions

This article contains a study of the retrospective integration of the banking sector into the national economy of Russia over the past 20 years, highlighting key periods and stages, reflecting institutional changes in the external environment under the influence of cyclical economic development and the financial condition of the banking system. The relevance of the study is caused by the increasing frequency of crisis phenomena in the modern global economy, which affects the need to identify the qualitative properties of the degree of interaction between the banking system and the national economy. The article provides a theoretical review of approaches of domestic and foreign authors to determining the effectiveness of interaction between the banking system and the national economy, both at the level of individual national economy and groups of countries. The author analyzed the dynamics of the banking sector of the national economy of Russia by key indicators that characterize quantitative and qualitative changes in the state of the totality of credit institutions and their contribution to the formation of the added value of the country. The assessment of the dynamics of integration of the banking sector into the national economy by the indicator of gross domestic product with the identification of the main stages, which allow to identify points of change in the institutional environment of the functioning of credit institutions and the performance of their functions. The cumulative financial result of the banking system over the past 20 years in the changing economic conditions of Russia and those institutional aspects that have affected the change in the structure and financial efficiency of the totality of credit institutions in Russia was assessed. The tendencies of concentration of the financial result of the banking system in the hands of the top 5 banks of the country were revealed, which affects the deterioration of financial efficiency of small banks, thus accelerating the negative processes of reducing the number of operating small and medium-sized banks.