The development of legal science in Russia in the period of XIX - early XX centuries

The article is devoted to the development of legal science in Russia in the period from the first half of the nineteenth century and early twentieth century Traced the basic preconditions of development of domestic jurisprudence, defined the role of the state in this process. It is shown that the development of legal science in Russia was caused as a proper theoretical factors and practical reasons, the government needed educated and skilled officials for state employees. And without the development of the system of legal education, the production of these frames was impossible. In line with this, the article analyzes the system of legal education in Russia, levels of legal education and types of schools giving this education. A particular example of a normative-legal acts, issued by state power in order to achieve this goal (in particular the “Preliminary rules of public education” (“On colleges”) dated 24 January 1803) Shows the role of great statesman and lawyer of the XIX century M. M. Speransky in these processes, it initiatives in the application of jurisprudence to practice. In the article, in particular, shows that M. M. Speransky was their idea to enter a legal education as a prerequisite for holding public official of a certain position, as well as the necessary criterion for the attribution of a public servant of a particular class rank or title. Had a significant influence in the state apparatus of the Russian Empire and using the genuine authority of the Emperor and the highest dignitaries, M. M. Speransky was pronational the adoption of a key document - the Decree of the Emperor of the Governing Senate “On the rules of production in the ranks of the civil service and about the challenges in science for production in a collegiate assessor and state Councilor” on August 6, 1809., which just reflected the above-mentioned initiative of the great statesman. Finally, in the article the analysis of the trends that influenced the development of legal science in Russia and those scientific directions and schools which began to form as a result of the development of legal science.