Development of livestock breeding and the role of household farms in agricultural production in Russia

The article analyzes the development of livestock farming in Russia and the role of private subsidiary farms in agricultural production. The study used data on livestock production indices by farm categories and key performance indicators of private farms. The results show that large agricultural organizations and peasant (farm) households demonstrate sustainable production growth, while private subsidiary farms face problems associated with limited resources, demographic changes and population migration. Despite these challenges, private subsidiary farms play a key role in ensuring food security at the local level, especially in remote and hard-to-reach areas. The article emphasizes the need for targeted government support, including improved access to financial resources, the introduction of innovative technologies and the development of cooperation. An analysis of literary sources showed that private subsidiary farms are important not only for economic sustainability, but also for social stability in rural areas. The most important areas of development of the sector are the modernization of technologies, support for young people in rural areas and strengthening the role of private farms in the context of import substitution. In the long term, the development of private farms can significantly strengthen Russia’s food independence, as well as contribute to the sustainable development of the agricultural sector in the context of global economic and environmental challenges.