Regional ecological and geochemical characteristics of area of residence as causal factors of reproductive disorders in adolescent girls

Objective. The purpose of the paper is to study the influence of ecological and geochemical factors (the Chuvash Republic) on the reproductive system development in adolescent girls. Material and Methods. A total of 57 girls with menstrual disorders (15-17 years old) living in the Chuvash Republic were enrolled in the study. 30 girls lived in environment-friendly areas of the Chuvash Republic and 27 were the residents of anthropogenically polluted areas. Air pollution was assessed in terms of gross pollutant emissions into the atmosphere, proportion of indices exceeding the maximum allowable concentration, air pollution index (API) (total level of air pollution), integrated air pollution index, average impurity concentrations in the air. All indicators were studied in dynamics (5 years), taking into account Sanitary Rules and Regulations 2.1.6. (SanPiN) «Atmospheric air, hygienic requirements to quality of atmospheric air in populated areas». The estimation of air pollution impact on the health of adolescent girls in Cheboksary was carried out. Results. According to the data on air pollution 2 districts were distinguished: anthropogenically polluted district (APD) and environment-friendly district (EFD). APD was injecting into the atmosphere 2.36 thousand tons of pollutants per year. It was situated next to the most polluted highway in the city with high traffic intensity (nearly 35 000 automobiles per day). EFD roomed no industrial enterprises and was located next to highways with low traffic intensity (up to 6 000 automobiles per day). Comparative ecological and geochemical analysis of immune resistance and microelement homeostasis of girls from APD and EFD of the Chuvash Republic was conducted. It was found out that long-term residence in an-thropogenically polluted districts lead to changes in parameters of immune responsiveness in girls. Conclusion. The results obtained helped to select the most informative criteria for monitoring ecological and geochemical characteristics of the area of residence. It may contribute to the development of evidence-based methods and tools for protection of reproductive health of adolescent girls.