Regression analysis of parameters for subsoil planting opener for depth seeding and fertilizers

One of the priority directions of the State Program for Agriculture Development is the intensive technology of cultivation of agricultural crops. Applicable technologies include a set of operations performed with crops and soil done in agrotechnical terms by a set of machines in order to create optimal conditions for the growth of plants with the possibility of obtaining the maximum yield. In the course of the research, the shortcomings of technical means intended for sowing grain crops were revealed. It has been established that the majority of seeding machines provide row sowing, which in some cases is characterized by the formation of thickened rows, which does not provide plants with sufficient nutrients. In this case, mineral fertilizers are applied during sowing in the same horizon with seeds. On the basis of this, vectors of modernization of existing and creation of new working bodies of seeding equipment were determined. The device was presented and the principle of operation of the opener described for seeding and fertilizers at different depths. The results of the planned experiment were presented, regression equations were obtained, describing the process of changing the uniformity of the distribution of seeds along the length and width of the sown furrow. Based on the regression equations, the response surfaces are built, the uniformity of the distribution of seeds along the length and width of the sown furrow, depending on the design parameters of the opener. In experimental studies it was found that the uniformity of seed distribution (84.4% along the length and 76.3% along the width of the sown furrow) can be achieved with the following opener parameters: angle of attack α = 5°; roll angle β = 15°; length of the cutout of the lower edge of the rack L = 50 mm. Given these design parameters, the offered opener provides a uniform seeding depth and meets agrotechnical requirements. In this case, mineral fertilizers are embedded below the horizon of the main crop by 30-40 mm.