Religion and economics: the problem of methodological approaches

The article deals with the basic concepts of secularization theory by M. Weber, P. Berger and rational choice theory by such modern scholars as William Bainbridge, Roger Finke, Laurence Iannaccone, Rodney Stark. We have chosen these concepts because they reflect two main trends in study of the essence of relations between religion and economics. Secularization theory considers religion as a cultural basis for economic transformations in society. Rational choice theory argues that today religion has become a part of economic reforms, besides religious market under regulation of economic laws has been formed. Comparing the two opposing views, we come to the conclusion that use of rational choice theory is relevant for studying state-religion relations in modern society. In our opinion, due to social transformations religion today has become a full-fledged participant of economic realm.