X-ray types of first tarsometatarsal joint and its association with hallux valgus

Background: The first tarsal-metatarsal joint (1TMj) plays a key role in the development of hallux valgus, which requires a more detailed study of it. According to modern literature and anatomical variability are predisposing factors for the development of HV.Methods: X-rays (anteroposterior (AP) view, weightbearing) of patients with the presence of deformaty of the forefoot from 2015 to 2018 were analyzed. There was performed selection of patients without accompanying systemic diseases and previously performed reconstructive interventions on the feet, aged from 21 to 75 years.. In the study group (n = 179) there was the following gender composition: 21 men (14.3%) and 158 women (95.7%); mean age 47.4 ± 3.2 years. Results: In the course of the analysis of the X-ray data, it was revealed that there are three variants of the X-ray form of first tarso-metatarsal joint: 1) straight, 2) spherical and 3) oblique. A correlation between the oblique form of the X-ray structure of first tarso-metatarsal joint and the high frequency of HV development was revealed.Conclusion: There are three options for the radiological form of the first tarso-metatarsal joint. The oblique radiological form has a strong positive correlation with the degree of HV.