Results and perspectives of sunflower breeding in the Omsk region

Sunflower occupies a leading place among all oil crops cultivated in the Russian Federation. Nevertheless, the share of foreign hybrids included into the State variety register amounts to 65% for 2018. At the present time, the development of highly productive varieties, hybrids and lines of sunflower of domestic breeding is of crucial importance. The purpose of the work is to develop early-ripening, high-oil, macrocarpous and high-oleic sunflower varieties for the conditions of the Omsk Region. The characteristics of the economically valuable traits of all the sunflower varieties created at the Siberian Experimental Station - Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Federal Scientific Center ‘All-Russian Science & Research Institute of Oil Crops named after V.S. Pustovoyt” are presented. According to the results of research conducted in 2015-2017, promising high-oil samples characterized by oil content in the seeds up to 56.3%, yielding capacity up to 3.90 t/ha, and oil yield up to 1942 kg/ha have been selected. Macrocarpous samples had a thousand kernel weight up to 97.2 g and yielding capacity up to 4.28 t/ha. The promising high-oleic samples of sunflower obtained at the branch have a very high content of monounsaturated oleic acid up to 86.69-89.37% under the conditions of the southern forest-steppe of the Omsk Region.