Results of ecological summer testing of star wheat in the dry conditions of Western Kazakhstan

This article presents the results of the ecological variety testing in the arid conditions of Western Kazakhstan. The ecological isolation of the region consists in instability in the years, seasons and even the day of the main climatic factors: high insolation, acute lack of moisture, strong wind activity and soil erosion. An acute shortage of moisture is observed not only in the spring and in the first half of summer, but in certain years and in the second half of the vegetation of plants. Despite this, the West Kazakhstan region is considered a zone where a grain with a high content of gluten and protein is formed, that is why it is unique for carrying out breeding work. Highly specialized varieties with expected climate changes until the end of the current century, along with high productivity, must have sufficient resistance to uncontrolled environmental factors that have the greatest impact on the magnitude and quality of the crop. The description of the main stages, directions and methods of selection work is given. The article summarizes the results of the ecological variety testing of spring soft wheat for selection of azakh Research Institute of Agriculture and Plant Growing, Samara Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture named after N.M. Tulaykov, Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture of South-East, Krasnokutsk selection-experimental station of Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture of South-East, Scientific and Production Center of Grain Farm named after. A.I. Barayev, Ural, Karabalyk and Aktyubinsk Agricultural Experimental Stations. Crop yields, some elements of grain quality, biometric records, crop structure analysis, for 3 years (2015-2017) are given. The result of a long-term ecological strain testing is the transfer in 2017 to the State Variety Test of the spring wheat variety «Krasnouralskaya» (Albidum 3223) created jointly by the Krasnokutsk Selection and Experimental Station of the Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture of South-East. At the present time, the Ural Agricultural Experimental Station continues its work to assess and identify the best varieties of spring wheat in the nurseries of ecological variety testing, adapted to the arid conditions of Western Kazakhstan.