Results of scientific research work “Applying of enzymes for removing starch adhesives in museum textile restoration”

Starch adhesives have been widely used and are still used today both in the manufacture of arts and crafts and in their restoration. They penetrate deep into the fibers of the fabric, which, because of this, eventually lose their elasticity, become brittle and collapse. Therefore, during the restoration process, it often becomes necessary to remove such glue. Mechanical and water cleaning cannot completely solve this problem, besides, they cannot be applied to all exhibits to the full extent. Properly selected enzymes can help solve this problem. Enzymes as catalysts can accelerate the chemical reaction of the decomposition of glue molecules, completely eliminating or minimizing the mechanical impact on the exhibit, remove glue from the fabric structure and even partially restore the elasticity of the fibers. The article describes the results of studies on the effect of the α-amylase enzyme on aged fabrics made of linen, cotton, wool and silk glued with starch glue. For each type of fabric, the preservation of strength and elasticity was determined which is necessary for the preservation of museum textiles. In addition, studies were carried out for possible changes in fabrics structure. The parameters of the technological process for removing aged starch glue are selected. First of all, these are specific preparations of alpha-amylase, as well as the concentration of the working solution, exposure time and processing temperature. Based on the results of the research, a technique of removal the aged starch glue in the re-restoration of museum fabrics has been developed.